Glycolic Acid Health and Skin Benefits

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Introduction to Glycolic Acid

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Glycolic acid (GA) is a powerful ingredient that offers numerous benefits for the skin. It is commonly used in skincare products, particularly chemical peels and exfoliants, due to its ability to improve skin texture, tone, and overall appearance. Here are some key benefits of glycolic acid:

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• Exfoliation and Cell Turnover: Glycolic acid is a type of alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) that works by exfoliating the outermost layer of the skin, known as the stratum corneum. It helps to remove dead skin cells and promote cell turnover, revealing fresher, smoother, and brighter skin underneath. By stimulating the shedding of old skin cells, glycolic acid can improve the overall texture and clarity of the skin.

• Anti-Aging Effects: Glycolic acid has been extensively studied for its anti-aging properties. It stimulates the production of collagen, a protein that gives the skin its structure and firmness. As we age, collagen production naturally declines, leading to the formation of fine lines, wrinkles, and sagging skin. By boosting collagen synthesis, glycolic acid can help reduce the appearance of wrinkles and improve skin elasticity.

• Hyperpigmentation Reduction: Glycolic acid is known for its ability to address hyperpigmentation concerns such as age spots, sunspots, and melasma. It works by inhibiting the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. Regular use of glycolic acid can help fade dark spots and even out skin tone, resulting in a more radiant and uniform complexion.

• Improved Skin Luminosity: One of the notable effects of glycolic acid is its ability to enhance skin luminosity. In a 12-week clinical study in 2021, "facial emulsion containing 10% glycolic acid, 2% phytic acid, and soothing complex in emulsion was evaluated for its effectiveness in treating skin quality in American female volunteers with Fitzpatrick skin types II-V" and found that it promoted a more youthful and radiant appearance by removing dull and dead skin cells. This allows light to reflect off the skin's surface more evenly. 

• Increased Hydration and Moisture Retention: Glycolic acid has been shown to increase the levels of hyaluronic acid in the skin. Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance that helps the skin retain moisture, providing hydration and plumpness. By boosting hyaluronic acid levels, glycolic acid can improve the skin's moisture barrier and prevent dryness.

• Enhanced Absorption of Skincare Products: Due to its exfoliating properties, glycolic acid can improve the absorption of other skincare products. By removing the outer layer of dead skin cells, it allows serums, moisturizers, and other treatments to penetrate deeper into the skin, maximizing their effectiveness.

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In conclusion, glycolic acid offers a range of benefits for the skin, including exfoliation, anti-aging effects, hyperpigmentation reduction, improved skin luminosity, increased

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Resources:​

• NIH 2021 Study Done on GA

• NIH 2021

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